The directory «Plots»

King sides against the reformers and declares null and void the decrees of the new Assembly

In the séance royale of 23 June, Louis XVI of France granted a Charte octroyée, a constitution granted from the royal favour, which affirmed, subject to the traditional limitations, the right of separate deliberation for the three orders, which constitutionally formed three chambers. This move failed; soon, that part of the deputies of the nobles who still stood apart joined the National Assembly at the request of the king. The Estates-General had ceased to exist, having become the National Assembly (and after 9 July 1789, the National Constituent Assembly)

Guinea, 1989, Mirabeau at Royal session

Rwanda, 1990, Trial of Louis XVI